stack-trace

# 堆栈跟踪分析指南 如何阅读和分析跨不同语言的堆栈跟踪。 ## 堆栈跟踪的解剖 堆栈跟踪显示了导致错误的调用序列： Error: Something went wrong at functionC (file3.js:10:5) <- 错误在此处抛出 at functionB (file2.js:20:3) <- 被 functionB 调用 at functionA (file1.js:30:7) <- 被 functionA 调用 at main (index.js:5:1) <- 入口点 **阅读顺序**: 顶部 = 错误发生处，底部 = 入口点 ## JavaScript/Node.js 堆栈跟踪 ### 标准格式 TypeError: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined at getUser (/app/src/services/user.js:45:23) at async handler (/app/src/routes/api.js:12:18) at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/app/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5) at next (/app/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:144:13) **组件**: - `TypeError` - 错误类型 - `Cannot read property 'name' of undefined` - 错误消息 - `/app/src/services/user.js:45:23` - 文件:行:列 - `getUser` - 函数名 - `async handler` - 异步函数指示器 ### 关键模式 **用户代码 vs 框架**: at getUser (/app/src/services/user.js:45:23) <- 你的代码 at handler (/app/src/routes/api.js:12:18) <- 你的代码 at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (express/...) <- 框架 at next (express/lib/router/route.js:144:13) <- 框架 优先关注你代码中的帧。 **匿名函数**: at Object. (/app/index.js:5:1) at Array.forEach () at /app/src/utils.js:10:5 添加函数名以获得更好的跟踪信息： javascript // 代替 const handler = () => { ... } // 使用 const handler = function userHandler() { ... } **异步堆栈跟踪** (Node.js 12+): Error: Failed at fetchData (/app/src/api.js:10:9) at async main (/app/src/index.js:5:3) // -- 异步间隙 -- at Object. (/app/src/index.js:1:1) 启用: `node --async-stack-traces app.js` --- ## Python 堆栈跟踪 ### 标准格式 (Traceback) python Traceback (most recent call last): File "/app/main.py", line 10, in result = process_data(data) File "/app/processor.py", line 25, in process_data return transform(data['items']) File "/app/transformer.py", line 15, in transform return [parse(item) for item in items] File "/app/transformer.py", line 15, in return [parse(item) for